And here the results of the Silesian plebiscite as well as statistics on Polish-speaking (first language) population:
A relatively large part of Upper Silesian Poles voted for Germany rather than for Poland in that 1921 plebiscite:
http://s14.postimg.org/nrkdssrch/1921_Plebiscyt_B.png
- 1921_Plebiscyt_B.png (52.86 KiB) Viewed 11208 times
http://s3.postimg.org/dy5lxvtxv/Plebiscite_1921_B.png
- Plebiscite_1921_B.png (74.72 KiB) Viewed 11208 times
And % of "Polish votes" (votes for Polish lists) in 1919 municipal elections (data published by Karol Firich):
Oppeln Stadt - 7%
Gleiwitz Stadt - 24%
Kattowitz Stadt - 19%
Ratibor Stadt - 9,5%
Beuthen Stadt - 31,5%
Konigshutte - 41%
Leobschutz - no Polish list
Neustadt in OS - 28%
Ratibor - 62%
Kreuzburg* - 48%
Hindenburg - 75,5%
Kattowitz - 73%
Tarnowitz - 78%
Oppeln - 61%
Tost-Gleiwitz - 72%
Beuthen - 76%
Cosel - 46%
Gross Strehlitz - 70%
Lublinitz - 67%
Rybnik - 79%
Rosenberg - 56%
Pless - 85%
Namslau* - counted together with Kreuzburg
In some counties Polish lists got much bigger % of votes in 1919 elections, than was the % of votes for Poland there in 1921.
Among reasons why a relatively large percentage of Polish-speaking Upper Silesians voted for Germany were economic reasons, which told them: "stay in Germany - here you can earn more money than in Bolshevik-devastated Poland". The fact that so many Upper Silesians voted for Poland was still largely a "merit" of Bismarck and his persecutions of Polish language and of Catholicism.
In counties where majority of local Poles were Protestants, majority of votes during the 1921 plebiscite were for Germany. That's because Protestantism was not as persecuted by Bismarck as Catholicism, so hostility towards Germany did not grow there.
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The Silesian Plebiscite was a success for Poland compared to the East Prussian Plebiscite - check the link below:
http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic. ... 0#p1852805
http://s11.postimg.org/ie5zvsrz7/Plebiscite_OP_1920.png
- Plebiscite_OP_1920.png (33.97 KiB) Viewed 11208 times
According to some sources, in total 13 municipalities voted mostly for Poland (3 in Kreis Osterode, 1 in Kreis Neidenburg, 3 in Kreis Allenstein, 1 in Kreis Roessel, 5 in Kreise Stuhm and Marienwerder). But most of them were enclaves surrounded by territories which voted for Germany. So only several border villages were given to Poland as the result of the plebiscite:
Villages given to Poland and percent of votes for Poland in 1920 in those villages:
Polish name / German name - % of votes for Poland in the plebiscite
Małe Pólko / Kleinfelde - 44%
Kramowo / Kramershof - 50%
Bursztych / Aussendeich - 79%
Janowo / Johannisdorf - 48%
Nowe Lignowy / Neu Liebenau - 58%
Lubstynek / Klein Lobenstein - 65% (93 votes for Poland, 51 for Germany)
Napromek / Gut Nappern - 51% (45 votes for Poland, 43 for Germany)
Groszki / Groschken - 93% (69 votes for Poland, 5 for Germany)
Henryk added:
henryk wrote:Re ethnic Poles voting for Germany in the plebiscites:
I recall an exhibition in a Museum in 1994, probably in Opole, which provided data which showed that a major reason for the German victories was due to non-resident Germans voting, ie born there but not resident.
For East Prussia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Pruss ... uote]After the vote, the Poles felt disadvantaged by the Versailles Treaty stipulation which enabled those who were born in the plebiscite area but not living there any more to return to vote. Approximately 152,000 such individuals participated in the plebiscite.[66] (66= Rhode, Gotthold. Die Ostgebiete des Deutschen Reiches, Holzner-Verlag Würzburg, 1956.)
Also claims of fraud and manipulation:
The German side tried to sway the voters in the area before the plebiscite using violence, Polish organisations and activists were harassed by German militias, and those actions included murder; the most notable example being the killing of Bogumił Linka a native Masurian member of the Polish delegation to Versailles, who supported vote for Poland; his death described as "bestial murder", after being brutally beaten by German militias armed with crowbars, metal rods, and shovels, his ribs were punctured by shovel, only barely alive and bleeding additionally from neck and head, he was taken to hospital where he died.[54][55] After his burial the grave of Linka was defiled.[56] Masurs who supported voting for Poland were singled out and subjected to terror and repressions.[57] Names of Masurs supporting Polish side were published in German newspapers, and their photos presented in German shops; afterwards a regular hunts were organised after them.[58] In the pursuit of Polish supporters the local Polish population was terrorized by German militias[59] Local "Gazeta Olsztyńska" wrote "Unspeakable terror lasted till the last days[of the plebiscite]"[60] At least 3,000 Warmian and Masurian activists who were engaged for Polish side had to flee the region out of fear of their lives.[61] German police engaged in active surveillance of Polish minority and attacks against Polish activists.[62]
Curiously the Wiki article on the Silesian plebiscites does not mention the non-resident vote:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Silesia_plebiscite[/quote]
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Polish newsreel from 1922 showing incorporation of part of Upper Silesia to Poland:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=huGHkpTocWQ